The reaction product of (a) high molecular weight hydrocarbon-substituted phenols, (b) aldehydes, (c) ammonia or amines having a reactive hydrogen atom, and (d) alkylene oxides are effective dispersants for lubricating oil and impart detergent properties to liquid hydrocarbon fuels such as gasoline.

A method of preparing a granulated soil additive of calcium sulfate and a soluble salt, preferably a fertilizer, which involves granulating the calcium sulfate employing the soluble salt, incorporated with the calcium sulfate in solution form, as the granulating agent.

Detergent additives for lubricating oils which are highly basic are prepared by reacting a carboxylic acid (e.g. formic acid) with a metal alcoholate in the presence of a surfactant (e.g. a sulphonate) dissolved in an oil.

The invention encompasses additives for addition to a composition for topical application, e.g., a bodywash, where the additive contains an encapsulated non-sunscreen, and methods of making and using the additives as well as topical compositions containing the additives. The additive may be encapsulated in a sol-gel microcapsule, and, in some cases, also includes a cationic polymer.

An additive for a pigment based ink--jet printing composition which is used in conjunction with a printing head that comprises metallic components, is disclosed. The additive comprises a cationic component and an anionic component, and characterized in that the cationic component is a cationic surfactant. Preferred additives are those where the cationic component is C.sub.10-22 alkyl trimethyl ammonium. Pigment-based ink--jet printing compositions comprising these additive are also described.

The present invention provides hydrocarbylaminomethylene-sulfonic acid additives for hydrocarbonaceous fuels. These additives are the reaction products produced by sulfoalkylating certain hydrocarbyl-substituted amines. The sulfoalkylation is accomplished by reacting the hydrocarbyl-substituted amines with certain carbonyl compounds and sulfur dioxide. The hydrocarbyl substituent contains at least about 30 carbon atoms.

N-hydrocarbyl-N-heterocyclic polyamines are found to display detergency in the internal combustion engine when present in fuels to the extent of 10-4,000 ppm. The nitrogenous composition is composed of a hydrocarbyl group bonded to a nitrogen atom, which is itself attached to a heterocyclic polyamine. the hydrocarbyl substituent contains from 30 to about 300 carbon atoms.

An additive for hydraulic cement comprises a major amount of sodium nitrite in admixture with a minor amount of calcium formate, optionally with triethanolamine or sodium benzoate.

There is described a fuel additive composition comprising an oleic alkanolamide and an alkoxylated oleic acid. There is also described a fuel composition comprising a hydrocarbon fuel and a fuel additive comprising an oleic alkanolamide and an alkoxylated oleic acid and also a method of running a combustion engine using the fuel if the invention.

The invention relates to hydrophilic additives for synthetic fibres containing polyolefin; said additives are represented by general formula (I): A--B--C--B--A wherein A is a radical R--COO, wherein R represents a saturated, cross-linked or non-cross-linked alkyl radical having 7 21 C atoms, B represents a group (C.sub.nH.sub.2nO).sub.k, wherein n is a whole number from 2 4 and k can have a value of 1 15, C represents a linear or cross-linked alkylene radical having at least 2 and at the most 6 ...