An analysis system includes induction coupled plasma apparatus into which sample material to be analyzed is introduced for excitation in the plasma, optical measuring apparatus coupled to the induction coupled plasma apparatus for analyzing the sample material, and mass spectrometer apparatus also coupled to the induction coupled plasma apparatus for analyzing the sample material. The mass spectrometer apparatus includes structure defining a first region, a sampling member adjacent the induction...

An analysis method is disclosed, in which several samples are passed in succession through a reaction channel (16) to a detector (17), and at least one reagent is introduced into the reaction channel (16) for reaction with the samples. An apparatus for implementing the method is also disclosed. Using the method and the apparatus, it is intended to specify an analysis method more capable of coping with different flow characteristics of the samples in fluid form. For that purpose, each sample and ...

An analysis system for measuring a plurality of parameters of a fluid sample comprises a housing, and a flow-through cell in the housing that has opposed surfaces with at least two ports in each surface. One of the ports is an inlet port, a second of the ports is an outlet port, and at least two of the ports are sensing ports. A sample flow path including a serpentine portion in the cell serially connects the ports and extends from a port in one surface to a port in the other surface and back to...

An analysis system for measuring a plurality of parameters of a fluid sample comprises a housing, and a flow-through cell in the housing that has opposed surfaces with at least two ports in each surface. One of the ports is an inlet port, a second of the ports is an outlet port, and at least two of the ports are sensing ports. A sample flow path including a serpentine portion in the cell serially connects the ports and extends from a port in one surface to a port in the other surface and back to...

Analysis of hydrocarbon mixtures to determine desired characteristics, particularly a determination of octane number of gasolines, undergoing partial oxidation/cool flame reactions. Pre-analysis performed on a target fuel sample of known composition and octane number is utilized to arrive at an optimum point of the reaction, a point believed to represent a condition where a maximum of the fuel is oxidized during the reaction. In the preferred embodiment disclosed, the optimum point is the reacto...

A method of analysing coal or coke wherein the concentration of ash or mineral matter in coal or coke is determined from (i) the result of a measurement of transmission or scatter of X-rays or .gamma.-rays of a first energy chosen such that there is significant difference in absorption of radiation per unit weight in coal matter and mineral matter excluding iron, combined with (ii) the result of at least one further measurement of transmission or scatter of X-rays or .gamma.-rays at different en...

In a biochemical analysis apparatus, two kind of cuvettes are used, one having a single chamber and the other having three chambers joined. These cuvettes are incubated at a predetermined temperature in incubator chambers of the analysis apparatus one after another, and the period of the incubation is determined depending on the above kind of the cuvettes. After the completion of incubation the cuvette is set in a measuring chamber of a photometry section of the analysis apparatus. In the photom...

In a method and apparatus for two-dimensional parallel data processing, a pattern of information to be analyzed is reproduced in a field of bi-stable information bearing elements. The pattern is processed by comparing the states of the six nearest neighbor elements around each element with at least one of the possible patterns of states of said six neighbor elements, without regard to correspondence of rotational orientation of the actual pattern with the possible patterns, and fixing each eleme...

In a method for colorimetric determination of calcium, the sample to be analyzed is mixed with a dye reagent of pH value at which that reagent does not produce a predetermined change when complexed with calcium ions; a first colorimetric measurement is made on the mixture of the sample and dye reagent; a second reagent is added to the mixture of the sample and dye reagent to shift the pH and activate the dye reagent producing the predetermined change; and then a second colorimetric measurement i...

An analysis system for measuring a plurality of parameters of a fluid sample comprises a housing, and a flow-through cell in the housing that has opposed surfaces with at least two ports in each surface. One of the ports is an inlet port, a second of the ports is an outlet port, and at least two of the ports are sensing ports. A sample flow path including a serpentine portion in the cell serially connects the ports and extends from a port in one surface to a port in the other surface and back to...