Systems and methods for secure multimedia authentication with discrete level tamper localization are described. In these aspects, the term "discrete" means that tamper localization is at the pixel level with respect to an image or video data, or at the sample level with respect to audio data. More particularly, and in one aspect, multimedia is evaluated to determine authenticity of the multimedia. This evaluation is based on data block(s). Responsive to determining that the multimedia is not aut...

The invention provides techniques for implementing secure transactions using an instrument referred to as "executable digital cash." In an illustrative embodiment, a first user generates a piece of digital cash representing an offer made by that user. The piece of digital cash includes a digital certificate authorizing the first user to make specified transfers, and an offer program characterizing the offer. The piece of digital cash is broadcast or otherwise transmitted to one or more additiona...

A method for simultaneously coating multiple thin layers of relatively viscous fluids comprises the adjustment of the pressure gradients in the interface region between two confluent flows. In particular, the pressure gradient along the middle lip is regulated so as to not be excessively positive, in order to position the separating line of the top flow at a particular point on the die lips, thus enhancing stable flow. In one aspect of the method, a step configuration is designed into the die li...

The invention relates to a plate-type heat exchanger comprising a stack of double-walled heat exchanger plates (30 32) which are permanently interconnected and each include two plate members (33, 34) having a central heat transfer portion (35) and an edge portion (36) bent upwardly with respect to the plane of the central heat transfer portion (35), separate flow passage spaces for at least two heat exchange fluids being defined between the double-walled heat exchanger plates (30 32), the two pl...

An apparatus comprising an encryption processor and a signing processor is provided. The encryption processor takes a data message and provides an encryption using an encryption process. The signing processor takes the encryption and adds a signature to the encryption using a signing process. The encryption processor can employ EIGamal encryption. The encryption processor may use a function of the encryption to perform the signing process. The signing processor may perform a Schnorr signature pr...

A heating device for the electromagnetic induction heating of a metal strip traveling in a specified direction. The device includes at least one electric coil arranged opposite at least one of the large surfaces of the strip so as to heat the latter by transverse magnetic flux induction, each coil being associated with at least one magnetic circuit. Each circuit is divided into a plurality of magnetically independent bars arranged parallel to the direction of travel of the strip. The bars may mo...

A system for allowing a shoe wearer to lean forwardly beyond his center of gravity by virtue of wearing a specially designed pair of shoes which will engage with a hitch member movably projectable through a stage surface. The shoes have a specially designed heel slot which can be detachably engaged with the hitch member by simply sliding the shoe wearer's foot forward, thereby engaging with the hitch member.